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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biopreparat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-996X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1156</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2221-996X-2026-26-1-75-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biopreparat-736</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Тема номера: ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫЕ ПРЕПАРАТЫ: ОТ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ К РЕАЛЬНОЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Issue topic INNOVATIVE BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS: TRANSLATING FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH INTO REAL CLINICAL PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние мутаций в местах посадки праймеров на эффективность выявления РНК вируса кори методами ПЦР и LAMP</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of primer binding sites mutations on the efficacy of measles virus RNA detection using PCR and LAMP techniques</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1527-949X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыганова</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsyganova</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цыганова Галина Михайловна</p><p>ул. Погодинская, д. 10, стр. 1, Москва, 119121</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina M. Tsyganova</p><p>10/1 Pogodinskaya St., Moscow 119121</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">GTsyganova@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9891-2565</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богословская</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogoslovskaya</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богословская Екатерина Денисовна</p><p>Институтский пер., д. 9, г. Долгопрудный, Московская область, 141701</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina D. Bogoslovskaya</p><p>9 Institutsky Ln., Dolgoprudny, Moscow region 141701</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katebog1712@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3668-6601</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шипулин</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipulin</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шипулин Герман Александрович, канд. мед. наук </p><p>ул. Погодинская, д. 10, стр. 1, Москва, 119121</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>German A. Shipulin, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>10/1 Pogodinskaya St., Moscow 119121</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Shipulin@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4679-6772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шипулина</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipulina</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шипулина Ольга Юрьевна, канд. мед. наук </p><p>Бережковская наб., д. 20, стр. 13, Москва, 121059</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Yu. Shipulina, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>20/13 Berezhkovskaya Embk., Moscow 121059</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga.shipulina@pcr.ms</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3250-6498</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богословская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogoslovskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богословская Елена Владимировна, д-р мед. наук </p><p>ул. Погодинская, д. 10, стр. 1, Москва, 119121</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Bogoslovskaya, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>10/1 Pogodinskaya St., Moscow 119121</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Bogoslovskaya@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московский физико-технический институт (национальный исследовательский университет)»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Акционерное общество «ЛабКвест»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LabQuest</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цыганова Г.М., Богословская Е.Д., Шипулин Г.А., Шипулина О.Ю., Богословская Е.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цыганова Г.М., Богословская Е.Д., Шипулин Г.А., Шипулина О.Ю., Богословская Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsyganova G.M., Bogoslovskaya E.D., Shipulin G.A., Shipulina O.Y., Bogoslovskaya E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/736">https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/736</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Высокая вариабельность генома РНК-содержащего вируса кори создает риск накопления мутаций в местах посадки (комплементарного связывания) праймеров, что может повлиять на надежность результатов молекулярной диагностики кори. В настоящей работе проведена оценка влияния таких мутаций на эффективность двух молекулярно-генетических методов — ПЦР и метода петлевой изотермической амплификации (LAMP).</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Оценить частоту встречаемости мутаций в местах связывания праймеров и их влияние на эффективность методов ПЦР и LAMP в выявлении РНК вируса кори.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Использовали нуклеотидные последовательности   вируса   кори из базы данных NCBI и клинические образцы носоглоточного секрета, предоставленные АО «ЛабКвест» (Москва, Россия). Экстракцию РНК вируса кори проводили с использованием набора реагентов «АмплиТест РИБО-преп». Амплификацию выполняли с использованием наборов реагентов «АмплиТест Корь» и методики LAMP. Биоинформатический анализ проводили с использованием программ MAFFT, Jalview 2.1, CD-HIT, MEGA12 и FigTree v.1.4.3.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. При анализе 1080 нуклеотидных последовательностей вируса кори было обнаружено не более одной замены в областях праймеров и зонда, используемых в ПЦР. Анализ последовательностей в местах посадки праймеров, используемых в LAMP, показал бóльшую вариабельность по сравнению с методом ПЦР, но и в этом случае 96,5% последовательностей содержало не более одной мутации в месте посадки каждого праймера. В 15 из 69 клинических образцов была выявлена только одна мутация в области посадки прямого праймера, которая незначительно влияла на эффективность ПЦР при низких концентрациях вируса. Для метода LAMP в 18 образцах было обнаружено три мутации в целевых последовательностях для праймеров F3, B1c и В2. В модельных экспериментах показано, что мисмэтч (несовпадение) во внешнем праймере F3 не влияет на скорость и чувствительность реакции, в то время как для петлевого праймера BIP была показана аномально высокая эффективность амплификации при наличии двух мутаций в РНК-последовательностях, что может косвенно свидетельствовать о наличии конформационных особенностей длинных петлевых праймеров.</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ. Оба метода — ПЦР и LAMP — эффективно выявляют РНК вируса кори даже при наличии мутаций в области посадки праймеров. Однако метод LAMP требует дальнейшего изучения для широкого внедрения в диагностику кори.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. The high variability of the measles virus RNA genome poses risks of mutations accumulating at primer binding sites (complementary binding site), potentially impacting the reliability of molecular measles diagnostics. In this study, we have assessed the impact of such mutations on the efficiency of two molecular genetic methods: PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of mutations at primer binding sites and their impact on the efficiency of PCR and LAMP methods in detecting measles virus RNA.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. Clinical samples of nasopharyngeal secretions (LabQuest, Moscow, Russia) and nucleotide sequences from NCBI database were used in the study. AmpliTest RIBO-prep kit was used for RNA extraction. AmpliTest Measles kit and LAMP-based kit were used for amplification. MAFFT, Jalview 2.1, CD-HIT, MEGA1, and FigTree v.1.4.3 software were used to perform a bioinformatics analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. Having analyzed 1,080 nucleotide sequences of the measles virus, we found no more than one mutation in the target primers target sites and probe used for PCR. The analyzed LAMP primer binding sites showed greater variability compared to PCR primers; even in this case, 96.5% of the sequences contained no more than a single mutation at each site. Out of 69 clinical samples, only 15 had one mutation in the forward primer binding site, with a minor impact on PCR performance at low virus concentrations. For the LAMP method, three mutations were detected in the F3, B1c, and B2 primer target sites in 18 samples. In a model experiment, the mismatch in the region of the outer primer F3 did not affect the speed and sensitivity of the reaction. Inversely, the loop forming primer BIP performed abnormally well in the presence of two mutations in the RNA sequences. This can indirectly prove the existence of conformational aspects for long loop primers.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. Both methods (PCR and LAMP) effectively detect samples with mutations; however, the LAMP method warrants further research to expand its potential for diagnosing measles.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус кори</kwd><kwd>петлевая изотермическая амплификация</kwd><kwd>LAMP</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd><kwd>ПЦР</kwd><kwd>мутации</kwd><kwd>праймеры</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>РНК-вирусы</kwd><kwd>филогенетический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>measles virus</kwd><kwd>loop-mediated isothermal amplification</kwd><kwd>LAMP</kwd><kwd>polymerase chain reaction</kwd><kwd>PCR</kwd><kwd>mutations</kwd><kwd>primers</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>RNA viruses</kwd><kwd>phylogenetic analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках научной деятельности ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» ФМБА России</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed using scientific results obtained at the Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks, Federal Medical and Biological Agency</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cui A, Mao N, Wang H, et al. 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