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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biopreparat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-996X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1156</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2221-996X-2026-26-1-67-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biopreparat-721</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Тема номера: ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫЕ ПРЕПАРАТЫ: ОТ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ К РЕАЛЬНОЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Issue topic INNOVATIVE BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS: TRANSLATING FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH INTO REAL CLINICAL PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Долгосрочная стабильность липосомальной формы микобактериофага D29: комплексная оценка in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Long-term stability of liposomal mycobacteriophage D29: A comprehensive in vitro assessment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-5933</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авдеев Вадим Вадимович</p><p>ул. Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 1, Москва, 127473</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim V. Avdeev</p><p>4/1 Dostoevsky St., Moscow 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vadim.avdeev@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8936-4334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапенкова</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapenkova</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лапенкова Марина Борисовна, канд. мед. наук </p><p>ул. Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 1, Москва, 127473</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina B. Lapenkova, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>4/1 Dostoevsky St., Moscow 127473</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2724-5791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Владимирский</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vladimirsky</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимирский Михаил Александрович, д-р мед. наук, проф. </p><p>ул. Достоевского, д. 4, корп. 1, Москва, 127473</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Vladimirsky, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof.</p><p>4/1 Dostoevsky St., Moscow 127473</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Авдеев В.В., Лапенкова М.Б., Владимирский М.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Авдеев В.В., Лапенкова М.Б., Владимирский М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avdeev V.V., Lapenkova M.B., Vladimirsky M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/721">https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/721</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Распространение устойчивых к антибиотикам микобактерий создает потребность в новых терапевтических подходах лечения туберкулеза, одним из которых является фаготерапия. Использование липосомальных форм микобактериофагов рассматривается как способ повышения их эффективности, однако для дальнейшего применения таких препаратов необходима комплексная оценка их стабильности.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Оценить долгосрочную (6 мес.) стабильность липосомальной формы микобактериофага D29 в условиях хранения при 4 °C по комплексу физико-химических и функциональных показателей для обоснования ее дальнейшего доклинического изучения.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Стабильность липосомальной формы микобактериофага D29 оценивали в условиях хранения в течение 6 мес. при температуре 4 °C. Отбор проб проводили в следующие временные точки: 0; 1,5; 3; 4,5 и 6 мес. Степень инкапсуляции (%) фага определяли методом количественной полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени (ПЦР-РВ). Поверхностный заряд (дзета-потенциал) измеряли методом электрофоретического рассеяния света (доплеровской электрофоретической подвижности). Морфологию липосом анализировали с помощью просвечивающей электронной микроскопии. Функциональную активность оценивали по литической активности методом титрования по Грациа с использованием Mycobacterium smegmatis mc² 155.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Продемонстрирована высокая стабильность липосомальной формы фага D29. Литическая активность сохранялась на уровне ~10⁹ БОЕ/мл в течение сроках ранения (6 мес., 4 °C). Степень инкапсуляции снизилась незначительно и составила &gt;88% от исходного значения. Постоянство значения дзета-потенциала (от –6,1±0,3 до –8,2±0,5 мВ) указывает на коллоидную стабильность суспензии без агрегации частиц в течение срока хранения.</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ. Установлена высокая физико-химическая и функциональная стабильность липосомальной формы микобактериофага D29 при длительном хранении (6 мес., 4 °C) с сохранением литической активности и высокой степени инкапсуляции. Полученные результаты обосновывают перспективность дальнейшего доклинического и клинического изучения разработанной липосомальной формы для терапии микобактериальных инфекций.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. The spread of antibiotic-resistant mycobacteria necessitates new therapeutic approaches for tuberculosis, phage therapy being one of them. Liposomal mycobacteriophages are considered to be a way to enhance their efficacy; however, a comprehensive assessment of their stability is warranted for the further use of such preparations.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term stability (over six months) of a liposomal form of mycobacteriophage D29 under storage conditions at 4 °C based on a set of physicochemical and functional parameters to substantiate its further preclinical study.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. The stability of liposomal form D29 was assessed over six months of storage at 4 °C. Sampling was performed at the following time points: 0; 1.5; 3; 4.5; and 6 months. The degree of phage encapsulation (%) was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The surface charge (zeta potential) was measured by electrophoretic light scattering (Doppler electrophoretic mobility). Liposome morphology was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. Functional activity was assessed by determining lytic activity via the Grazia titration method on M. smegmatis mc² 155 culture.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. High stability of the liposomal phage D29 form was demonstrated. Lytic activity remained at a level of ~109 PFU/mL throughout the storage period (six months, 4 °C). The degree of encapsulation decreased insignificantly (&gt;88% of the initial value). The constant zeta potential value (from –6.1±0.3 to –8.2±0.5 mV) confirmed colloidal stability of the suspension without particle aggregation throughout the entire storage period.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. The liposomal mycobacteriophage D29 demonstrates high physicochemical and functional stability after long-term storage (six months, 4 °C), with preserved lytic activity and a high degree of encapsulation. The findings substantiate the prospects for further preclinical and subsequent clinical trial of this preparation designed to treat mycobacterial infections.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микобактериофаг   D29</kwd><kwd>липосомы</kwd><kwd>стабильность   препарата</kwd><kwd>инкапсуляция</kwd><kwd>дзетапотенциал</kwd><kwd>просвечивающая электронная микроскопия</kwd><kwd>длительное   хранение</kwd><kwd>литическая активность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mycobacteriophage D29</kwd><kwd>liposomes</kwd><kwd>drug stability</kwd><kwd>encapsulation</kwd><kwd>zeta potential</kwd><kwd>transmission electron microscopy</kwd><kwd>long-term storage</kwd><kwd>lytic activity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Государственного задания ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» Минздрава России, регистрационный № НИОТКР 121031600067-1 «Разработка нового противотуберкулезного лекарственного препарата на основе липосомальной формы микобактериофага D29 для лечения туберкулеза легких, в том числе лекарственно устойчивых форм»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out as part of the state assignment of the National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, registration No. NIOTKR 121031600067-1 Development of a New Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Based on the Liposomal Mycobacteriophage D29 for the Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Including Drug-Resistant Forms</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dean AS, Tosas Auguet O, Glaziou P, et al. 25 years of surveillance of drug-resistant tuberculosis: achievements, challenges, and way forward. 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