biopreparatБИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечениеBiological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment2221-996X2619-1156Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products10.30895/2221-996X-2026-26-1-15-27biopreparat-710Research ArticleТема номера: ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫЕ ПРЕПАРАТЫ: ОТ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ К РЕАЛЬНОЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕIssue topic INNOVATIVE BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS: TRANSLATING FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH INTO REAL CLINICAL PRACTICEДвухкомпонентная векторная вакцина против лихорадки Эбола Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo: обзор клинических исследованийTwo-component vector-based vaccine Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo against Ebola fever: A review of clinical studieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7985-5516СтовбаЛ. Ф.StovbaL. F.

Стовба Людмила Федоровна, канд. биол. наук

ул. Октябрьская, д. 11, г. Сергиев Посад-6, Московская область, 141306

Lyudmila F. Stovba, Cand. Sci. (Biol.) 

11 Oktyabrskaya St., Sergiev Posad-6, Moscow Region 141306

48cnii@mil.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2603-0860ЧухраляО. В.ChukhralyaO. V.

Чухраля Олег Васильевич, канд. мед. наук 

ул. Октябрьская, д. 11, г. Сергиев Посад-6, Московская область, 141306

Oleg V. Chukhralya, Cand. Sci. (Med.) 

11 Oktyabrskaya St., Sergiev Posad-6, Moscow Region 141306

48cnii@mil.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3204-1897ПавельевД. И.PavelievD. I.

Павельев Дмитрий Игоревич, канд. мед. наук 

ул. Октябрьская, д. 11, г. Сергиев Посад-6, Московская область, 141306

Dmitry I. Paveliev, Cand. Sci. (Med.) 

11 Oktyabrskaya St., Sergiev Posad-6, Moscow Region 141306

48cnii@mil.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-7760-6019СолдатенковаМ. И.SoldatenkovaM. I.

Солдатенкова Мария Игоревна

ул. Октябрьская, д. 11, г. Сергиев Посад-6, Московская область, 141306

Maria I. Soldatenkova

11 Oktyabrskaya St., Sergiev Posad-6, Moscow Region 141306

48cnii@mil.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-1858-8689БелозеровД. П.BelozerovD. P.

Белозeров Денис Петрович

ул. Октябрьская, д. 11, г. Сергиев Посад-6, Московская область, 141306

Dеnis P. Belozerov

11 Oktyabrskaya St., Sergiev Posad-6, Moscow Region 141306

den4icue@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-2085ПетровА. А.PetrovA. A.

Петров Александр Анатольевич, д-р мед. наук 

ул. Октябрьская, д. 11, г. Сергиев Посад-6, Московская область, 141306

Alexander A. Pеtrov, Dr. Sci. (Med.) 

11 Oktyabrskaya St., Sergiev Posad-6, Moscow Region 141306

48cnii@mil.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6742-3919БорисевичС. В.BorisevichS. V.

Борисевич Сергей Владимирович, д-р биол. наук, профессор, академик РАН

ул. Октябрьская, д. 11, г. Сергиев Посад-6, Московская область, 141306

Sergey V. Borisevich, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Prof., Acad. RAS

11 Oktyabrskaya St., Sergiev Posad-6, Moscow Region 141306

48cnii@mil.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «48 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт» Министерства обороны Российской ФедерацииРоссия48th Central Scientiffc Research InstituteRussian Federation2026010420262611527Copyright © Стовба Л.Ф., Чухраля О.В., Павельев Д.И., Солдатенкова М.И., Белозеров Д.П., Петров А.А., Борисевич С.В., 20262026Стовба Л.Ф., Чухраля О.В., Павельев Д.И., Солдатенкова М.И., Белозеров Д.П., Петров А.А., Борисевич С.В.Stovba L.F., Chukhralya O.V., Paveliev D.I., Soldatenkova M.I., Belozerov D.P., Petrov A.A., Borisevich S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/710ВВЕДЕНИЕ

ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Существующие вакцины против лихорадки Эбола обладают высокой реактогенностью, что обусловливает необходимость разработки более безопасных и эффективных препаратов. Решением проблемы является применение новых рекомбинантных векторных вакцин, таких как Ad26.ZEBOV (вакцина на основе нереплицирующегося аденовируса человека серотипа 26 со встроенным геном гликопротеина штамма Zaire ebolavirus), MVA-BN-Filo (вакцина на основе модифицированного вируса осповакцины штамма Ankara), изучаемых в клинических исследованиях для подтверждения их эффективности и безопасности.

ЦЕЛЬ

ЦЕЛЬ. Систематизация данных клинических исследований по оценке эффективности, безопасности и иммуногенности двухкомпонентной рекомбинантной векторной вакцины Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo для профилактики лихорадки Эбола у различных групп населения.

ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ

ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. Анализ литературных источников проводили в базах данных PubMed, ScienceDirect и eLIBRARY.RU за период 2009–2024 гг. Результаты клинических исследований I–III фаз подтвердили, что двухкомпонентная схема вакцинации против лихорадки Эбола (Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo) обеспечивает выраженный и стойкий иммунный ответ. Сероконверсия достигала 87–95% через 3 нед. после введения первой дозы и до 100% после ревакцинации, при этом иммунитет сохранялся не менее года. Нежелательные явления (местные и системные в легкой или средней степени выраженности) наблюдались примерно у половины участников; серьезные нежелательные явления не были связаны с вакцинацией и встречались менее чем у 1% вакцинированных. У беременных женщин вакцинация не увеличивала риск неблагоприятных исходов и обеспечивала передачу антител плоду. У детей и подростков сероконверсия превышала 90%, а ревакцинация значительно усиливала иммунный ответ. У ВИЧ-инфицированных сероконверсия достигала 80–85%, что сопоставимо с общей популяцией. Малярия и гельминтозы не снижали эффективность иммунизации. На основании полученных данных Всемирная организация здравоохранения и Европейское агентство по лекарственным средствам в 2020 г. одобрили данную схему вакцинации для применения у взрослых и детей старше одного года, включая пациентов с сопутствующими инфекциями.

ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ

ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Двухкомпонентная вакцина Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo характеризуется высокой иммуногенностью и благоприятным профилем безопасности. Схема первичной вакцинации и ревакцинации эффективна для взрослых, детей старше одного года, беременных женщин и лиц с сопутствующими инфекциями, включая ВИЧ, малярию и гельминтозы. Применение вакцины  позволяет  снизить  риск  распространения  лихорадки  Эбола и может служить основой для стратегии массовой иммунизации в эндемичных регионах и при вспышках заболевания.

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION. High reactogenicity of the existing Ebola vaccines necessitates the development of safer and more efficacious alternatives. A solution is to use new recombinant vectorbased vaccines, such as Ad26.ZEBOV (a recombinant vaccine based on non-replicating human Ad26 serotype with an inserted glycoprotein gene of Zaire ebolavirus strain) and MVA-BN-Filo (a recombinant vaccine based on modified vaccinia Ankara strain), currently undergoing clinical trials to confirm their efficacy and safety.

AIM

AIM. This study aimed to systematize clinical trial data in order to assess efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of the two-component recombinant Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccine used to prevent Ebola hemorrhagic fever in various population groups.

DISCUSSION

DISCUSSION. Literary sources were analyzed in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and eLIBRARY.RU databases over the period of 2009–2024. Phase I–III clinical trials confirmed that the twocomponent Ebola vaccination regimen (Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo) provides a strong and sustained immune response. Seroconversion reached 87–95% three weeks after the first administration and up to 100% after revaccination, with immunity lasting for at least a year. Adverse events (local and systemic, mild to moderate severity) were observed in half of the participants; serious adverse events were not associated with vaccination and occurred in less than 1%. In pregnant women, the vaccination did not increase the risk of adverse outcomes while ensuring the transmission of antibodies to the fetuses. In children and adolescents, seroconversion exceeded 90%; revaccination significantly enhanced the immune response. In HIV-infected individuals, seroconversion reached 80–85%, which is comparable to the general population. Malaria or helminthiasis did not reduce the immunization effectiveness. Considering the above, the World Health Organization and the European Medicines Agency approved this vaccination schedule in 2020 in adults and children over one year of age, including those with concomitant infections.

CONCLUSIONS

CONCLUSIONS. The two-component Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccine shows high immunogenicity and a good safety profile. The primary and booster vaccination schedule is effective in adults, children over one year of age, pregnant women, and individuals with concurrent infections, including HIV, malaria, and helminthiasis. The vaccine reduces the risk of Ebola transmission and can be used for a mass immunization strategy in endemic regions and during the disease outbreaks.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.