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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biopreparat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-996X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1156</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2221-996X-2025-25-4-438-447</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biopreparat-689</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДОКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS: PRECLINICAL STIDUES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комплекс антигенов условно-патогенных бактерий: оценка защитных свойств и токсичности на мышах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antigen complex of opportunistic bacteria: Assessment of protective properties and toxicity in mice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5480-1397</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдатенкова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatenkova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солдатенкова Алена Владимировна, канд. биол. наук </p><p>Малый Казенный пер., д. 5А, Москва, 105064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena V. Soldatenkova, Cand. Sci (Biol.)</p><p>5A Maly Kazenny Ln., Moscow 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sol.alena.v@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1257-8718</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидоров</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorov</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сидоров Никита Геннадьевич </p><p>Малый Казенный пер., д. 5А, Москва, 105064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita G. Sidorov</p><p>5A Maly Kazenny Ln., Moscow 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">deel@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-6015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарев</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazarev</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лазарев Сергей Александрович </p><p>Малый Казенный пер., д. 5А, Москва, 105064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei A. Lazarev</p><p>5A Maly Kazenny Ln., Moscow 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lazarevsr1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1676-9515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жеребцов</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zherebtsov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жеребцов Антон Павлович </p><p>Малый Казенный пер., д. 5А, Москва, 105064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton P. Zherebtsov</p><p>5A Maly Kazenny Ln., Moscow 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antonzherebtsov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6652-2093</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Александровна Михайлова, д-р мед. наук, проф. </p><p>Малый Казенный пер., д. 5А, Москва, 105064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Mikhailova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof.</p><p>5A Maly Kazenny Ln., Moscow 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n_michailova@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток им. И.И. Мечникова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>438</fpage><lpage>447</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Солдатенкова А.В., Сидоров Н.Г., Лазарев С.А., Жеребцов А.П., Михайлова Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Солдатенкова А.В., Сидоров Н.Г., Лазарев С.А., Жеребцов А.П., Михайлова Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Soldatenkova A.V., Sidorov N.G., Lazarev S.A., Zherebtsov A.P., Mikhailova N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/689">https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/689</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Препараты на основе бактериальных антигенов эффективны для профилактики инфекций, вызываемых условно-патогенными бактериями, однако их промышленное использование требует оптимизации состава и технологии получения антигенов. Перспективным подходом является разработка комплекса антигенов Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris и Staphylococcus aureus.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Изучение защитных свойств и токсичности антигенов K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. vulgaris и S. aureus, а также комплекса антигенов в эксперименте на мышах.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В работе использовали антигены K. pneumoniae 204, E. coli F147, P. vulgaris 177 и суммарный антиген двух штаммов S. aureus (1986 и 1991), а также комплекс, состоящий из перечисленных антигенов. Токсичность оценивали на белых мышах линии SHK обоего пола массой 18–20 г. Животным однократно внутрибрюшинно вводили антигены (50, 100 или 200 мкг на мышь) или комплекс антигенов (0,1; 0,2; 0,4; 0,6 мл на мышь). Защитные свойства комплекса антигенов (в дозе 0,1 мл) изучали на самках мышей линии SHK массой 14–16 г. После двукратной иммунизации животных заражали живыми культурами гомологичных штаммов (K. pneumoniae 204, E. coli F147, P. vulgaris 177, S. aureus 1986) и гетерологичным штаммом P. aeruginosa PA103. В течение 7 сут регистрировали выживаемость и рассчитывали значение ЛД50 и индекса эффективности.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Установлено, что антигены E. сoli, S. aureus и P. vulgaris (во всех дозах) и антигены K. pneumoniae (в дозах 50 и 100 мкг) не вызывали токсические эффекты у мышей. Введение мышам антигена K. pneumoniae в дозе 200 мкг приводило к снижению массы тела и гибели животных. Инъекция комплекса антигенов в диапазоне доз 0,1–0,4 мл не вызывала токсических эффектов, а при введении дозы 0,6 мл выявлены признаки токсичности. Двукратная иммунизация комплексом антигенов в дозе 0,1 мл обеспечивала защиту мышей от заражения гомологичными и гетерологичными штаммами. Значения индекса эффективности составили: 7,99 для K. pneumoniae 204; 11,56 для E. coli F147; 25,90 для P. vulgaris 177; 7,45 для S. aureus 1986; 4,00 для P. aeruginosa PA103 (р&lt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ. Исследованные антигены K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. vulgaris и S. aureus, а также комплекс антигенов обладали приемлемым токсикологическим профилем. Комплекс антигенов продемонстрировал выраженные защитные свойства как против гомологичных штаммов (K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. vulgaris, S. aureus), так и против гетерологичного штамма P. aeruginosa. Исследованные антигены и их комплекс могут рассматриваться как основа для создания лекарственного средства для профилактики широкого круга инфекций, вызванных условно-патогенными бактериями.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Medicinal products based on various bacterial antigens effectively prevent diseases caused by opportunisitic bacteria. However, their large-scale use will require improved composition and production process. A promising approach is to develop an antigen complex from Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and Staphylococcus aureus.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. This study aimed to examine protective properties and toxicity of antigens from K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. vulgaris, S. aureus, and the antigen complex in experiments on mice.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. Antigens of K. pneumoniae 204, E. coli F147, P. vulgaris 177, the complex of two S. aureus antigens (1986 and 1991), and the complex of the above antigens were used in the study. Toxicity was evaluated in white male and female SHK mice weighing 18–20 g. A single dose of antigens (50, 100 or 200 μg per mouse) or antigen complex (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mL per mouse) was injected intraperitoneally. Protective properties were studied in female SHK mice weighing 14–16 g. Animals were immunised twice and then infected with live homologous strains of K. pneumonia 204, E. coli F147, P. vulgaris 177, S. aureus 1986, and P. aeruginosa PA103 heterologous strain. For seven days, their survival was monitored; LD50 value and efficiency index was determined.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. E. coli, S. aureus and P. vulgaris antigens at all tested doses, and K. pneumoniae antigens at doses of 50 and 100 µg, did not cause toxic effects in mice. 200 µg of K. pneumoniae antigens caused weight loss and animal mortality. Injection of 0.1–0.4 mL of the antigen complex did not cause toxic effects; however, injection of 0.6 mL resulted in manifestations of toxicity. Double immunisation with 0.1 mL antigen complex protected mice against infection with homologous and heterologous strains. Efficiency index was 7.99 for K. pneumonia 204, 11.56 for E. coli F147, 25.90 for P. vulgaris 177, 7.45 for S. aureus 1986, and 4.00 for P. aeruginosa PA103 (р&lt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. Test antigens of K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. vulgaris, S. aureus, and the antigen complex had an acceptable toxicological profile. The antigen complex has shown significant protective properties both against homologous strains (K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. vulgaris, and S. aureus) and heterologous strain of P. aeruginosa. Thus, the studied antigens and their complex can be used to develop a medicinal product preventing a wide range of opportunistic bacterial infections.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>комплекс антигенов</kwd><kwd>условно-патогенные бактерии</kwd><kwd>бактериальные антигены</kwd><kwd>защитные свойства</kwd><kwd>токсичность</kwd><kwd>иммунизация</kwd><kwd>Staphylococcus aureus</kwd><kwd>Proteus vulgaris</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>Escherichia coli</kwd><kwd>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antigen complex</kwd><kwd>opportunistic infections</kwd><kwd>bacterial antigens</kwd><kwd>protective properties</kwd><kwd>toxicity</kwd><kwd>immunisation</kwd><kwd>Staphylococcus aureus</kwd><kwd>Proteus vulgaris</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>Escherichia coli</kwd><kwd>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках соглашения с Министерством промышленности и торговли Российской Федерации о предоставлении грантов в форме субсидий из федерального бюджета бюджетным учреждениям на реализацию проектов по разработке лекарственных препаратов и медицинских изделий № 020-15-2021-005 от 07.10.2021.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was carried out within the agreement with the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation No. 020-15-2021-005 of 10.07.2021 on provision of industrial subsidies from the federal budget to budgetary institutions for implementing development projects of medicinal products and medical devices.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huemer M, Mairpady Shambat S, Brugger SD, Zinkernagel AS. 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