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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biopreparat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-996X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1156</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2221-996X-2025-25-1-83-96</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biopreparat-671</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИЯ И КОНТРОЛЬ КАЧЕСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>QUALITY CONTROL AND STANDARDISATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эволюция АКДС-вакцины: разнообразие составов, трудности стандартизации, перспективы развития</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DPT vaccine evolution: Formulation differences, standardisation issues, and development prospects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9035-6072</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комаровская</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarovskaya</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Комаровская Елена Игоревна </p><p>Петровский бульвар, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Komarovskaya </p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Komarovskaya@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1937-4946</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проскурина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proskurina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проскурина Ольга Владимировна </p><p>Петровский бульвар, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Proskurina </p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6624-2692</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдатов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солдатов Александр Алексеевич, д-р мед. наук </p><p>Петровский бульвар, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr A. Soldatov, Dr. Sci. (Med.) </p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientiffc Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Комаровская Е.И., Проскурина О.В., Солдатов А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Комаровская Е.И., Проскурина О.В., Солдатов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Komarovskaya E.I., Proskurina O.V., Soldatov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/671">https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/671</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ.   Современные   комбинированные   АКДС-вакцины    представлены    четырех-, пятии шестивалентными препаратами, содержащими инактивированные полиомиелитные и гемофильные компоненты, а также вакцинные компоненты против гепатита В. Несмотря на широкое внедрение этих вакцин в национальные программы вакцинации, остаются проблемные вопросы, связанные с иммуногенностью и безопасностью коклюшного компонента, стандартизацией производства и методов контроля качества АКДС-вакцин, а также с включением этих вакцин в национальные календари профилактических прививок.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Обзор состояния комбинированных вакцин на основе АКДС, анализ актуальных проблем, связанных с применением и совершенствованием их качества.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. АКДС-вакцина занимает центральное положение в национальных календарях профилактических прививок. Разработки   многочисленных   безопасных   и   эффективных АКДС-вакцин способствовали созданию комбинированных препаратов для вакцинации младенцев. Добавление инактивированных вакцин от полиомиелита, гемофильной инфекции и гепатита B благоприятствовало внедрению комбинированных вакцин в рекомендуемые графики иммунизации и позволило сократить количество инъекций, получаемых ребенком. Вакцины на основе АКДС от разных производителей отличаются по составу и количественному содержанию антигенов, а также по применяемым методам контроля их качества. Основные различия состава вакцин обусловлены содержанием цельноклеточного или бесклеточного коклюшных компонентов. В настоящее время повышение заболеваемости коклюшем в мире связывают с широким применением бесклеточной вакцины, которая не обеспечивает формирование долговременного иммунитета. В обзоре рассмотрены вопросы взаимного влияния антигенов на эффективность и безопасность вакцины, стандартизации производства и контроля качества антигенов. Проанализированы данные о различных комбинациях вакцин на основе АКДС и количественном содержании антигенов. Предложены перспективные направления разработок по повышению качества и эффективности рассматриваемой группы вакцин.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Достижение высокого уровня специфической активности и безопасности комбинированных вакцин на основе АКДС возможно прежде всего при решении проблем в области стандартизации производства и контроля качества, принимая во внимание ограничения международного обмена вакцинными препаратами и особенности их лицензирования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Currently, diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus (DTP) vaccines are available in tetra-, penta-, and hexavalent combinations with inactivated poliomyelitis, Haemophilus influenzae, and hepatitis B components. Despite the widespread introduction of DTP vaccines in national vaccination programmes, concerns remain about the immunogenicity and safety of the pertussis component, the standardisation of vaccine production and quality control methods, and the inclusion of DTP vaccines in national routine vaccination schedules.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. This study aimed to provide an updated overview of DTP-based combined vaccines and analyse the current challenges associated with their use and quality improvement.</p></sec><sec><title>DISCUSSION</title><p>DISCUSSION. DTP vaccines hold a  central  place  in  national  routine  vaccination  schedules. The development of numerous safe and effective DTP vaccines has contributed to the formulation of DTP-based combined vaccines that include additional components and are suitable for infants. The addition of inactivated components against poliomyelitis, H. influenzae, and hepatitis B has facilitated the introduction of DTP-based combined vaccines into the recommended vaccination programmes and has reduced the number of injections received by a child. However, DTP-based combined vaccines from different manufacturers differ in the composition and  quantity  of  antigens  and  in  quality  control  methods.  The  key  differences in the composition of these vaccines are due to the inclusion of either whole-cell or acellular pertussis. The current global rise in the incidence of pertussis is associated with the widespread use of acellular vaccines, which do not induce long-term immunity. This review considers the mutual influence of antigens in relation to vaccine efficacy and safety and addresses the standardisation issues associated with antigen production and quality control. The article analyses data on various DTP-based combined vaccines and the quantity of antigens in them. The review discusses promising areas for further improvement of the quality and effectiveness of DTP-based combined vaccines.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. Addressing unresolved standardisation issues in the production and quality control of DTP-based combined vaccines, which (along with country-specific licensing requirements) limit the international exchange of vaccines, can facilitate international recognition and ensure a high level of potency and safety of DTP-based combined vaccines.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вакцина против дифтерии</kwd><kwd>вакцина против столбняка</kwd><kwd>вакцина   против   коклюша</kwd><kwd>бесклеточная   коклюшная   вакцина</kwd><kwd>цельноклеточная   коклюшная   вакцина</kwd><kwd>АКДС-вакцина</kwd><kwd>вакцинопрофилактика</kwd><kwd>вакцинация</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd><kwd>комбинированные вакцины</kwd><kwd>национальный календарь профилактических прививок</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diphtheria vaccine</kwd><kwd>tetanus vaccine pertussis vaccine</kwd><kwd>acellular pertussis vaccine</kwd><kwd>whole-cell pertussis vaccine</kwd><kwd>DPT vaccine</kwd><kwd>preventive vaccination</kwd><kwd>vaccination</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>combination vaccines</kwd><kwd>national vaccination schedule</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФГБУ «НЦЭСМП» Минздрава России № 056-00001-25-00 на проведение прикладных научных исследований (номер государственного учета НИР 124022200103-5)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was conducted by the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products as part of the applied research funded under State Assignment No. 056-00001-25-00 (R&amp;D Registry No. 124022200103-5)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Оффит ПА. 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