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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biopreparat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-996X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1156</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2221-996X-2025-25-2-127-140</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biopreparat-655</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕМА НОМЕРА: ТРЕНДЫ КОНТРОЛЯ КАЧЕСТВА И СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISSUE TOPIC: TRENDS IN QUALITY CONTROL AND STANDARDISATION OF BIOLOGICALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Программа контроля качества препаратов на основе индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Quality control programmes for induced pluripotent stem cell-derived medicinal products</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9585-3545</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельникова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мельникова Екатерина Валерьевна, канд. биол. наук</p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina V. Melnikova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>8/2, Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">melnikovaev@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8377-9205</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рачинская</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rachinskaya</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рачинская Ольга Анатольевна, канд. биол. наук</p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Rachinskaya, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>8/2, Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rachinskaya@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9026-0508</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенова Ирина Семеновна, канд. биол. наук</p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina S. Semenova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>8/2, Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">semenovais@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4891-973X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меркулов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merkulov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Меркулов Вадим Анатольевич, д-р мед. наук, проф.</p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051; Трубецкая ул., д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim A. Merkulov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof.</p><p>8/2, Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051; 8/2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">merkulov@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский Университет) Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>127</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мельникова Е.В., Рачинская О.А., Семенова И.С., Меркулов В.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мельникова Е.В., Рачинская О.А., Семенова И.С., Меркулов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Melnikova E.V., Rachinskaya O.A., Semenova I.S., Merkulov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/655">https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/655</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. В настоящее время в регуляторной системе отсутствуют гармонизированные единые требования к контролю качества лекарственных препаратов (ЛП) на основе соматических клеток человека (соматотерапевтических ЛП) и тканеинженерных ЛП, в состав которых включены дифференцированные клетки, полученные из индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток (ИПСК). В связи с этим актуальным представляется формирование подходов в рамках регуляторной системы Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС) к разработке программы контроля качества и установлению критических показателей качества ЛП, полученных из ИПСК.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Систематизация опыта ведущих мировых регуляторных органов и нормативных требований Евразийского экономического союза для разработки и обоснования программы контроля качества лекарственных препаратов, полученных из индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. Основными направлениями терапевтического применения ЛП, полученных из ИПСК, являются лечение нейродегенеративных, сердечно-сосудистых, онкологических заболеваний, сахарного диабета, реакции «трансплантат против хозяина» и офтальмологической патологии. За последнее десятилетие рекомендации и требования к качеству ИПСК клинического уровня были представлены Китайским обществом исследований стволовых клеток, регуляторным органом Японии, Глобальным альянсом по терапии ИПСК (GAiT), Европейским банком ИПСК (EBiSC). В рамках ЕАЭС требования к качеству генетически модифицированных клеток введены в действие в 2025 г. (глава 32 Решения Совета Евразийской экономической комиссии от 03.11.2016 № 89 «Об утверждении Правил проведения исследований биологических лекарственных средств ЕАЭС»). Перечень критических показателей качества ИПСК клинического уровня, предложенный GAiT, в целом соответствует регуляторным нормам ЕАЭС и может быть использован при составлении программы контроля качества ЛП на основе ИПСК для применения на территории Российской Федерации и ЕАЭС. Программа контроля качества готового соматотерапевтического или тканеинженерного ЛП, полученного из ИПСК, должна основываться на принципе прослеживаемости характеристик качества начиная с исходного материала. Процедура получения ИПСК является полноценным технологическим процессом, который должен соответствовать правилам надлежащей производственной практики (GMP) для генетически модифицированных клеток. Контроль качества ИПСК должен включать определение специфических показателей, включая следующие: остаточное содержание ДНК-векторов, использованных для перепрограммирования (оценка чистоты); экспрессия маркеров недифференцированного состояния клеток (подтверждение подлинности); тест на плюрипотентность (оценка активности).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Программа контроля качества готовых ЛП, полученных из ИПСК, должна соответствовать типу дифференцированных клеток и учитывать показания к их клиническому применению. Критическими аспектами качества при характеризации ИПСК являются доказательство отсутствия примесных недифференцированных клеток и клеток с новыми иммуногенными эпитопами, подтверждение подлинности и генетической стабильности. Рассмотренные подходы к оценке качества ИПСК могут быть использованы для обоснования стратегии контроля качества ЛП на основе ИПСК, а также для формирования спецификаций при государственной регистрации по правилам ЕАЭС.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Currently, there are no harmonised regulatory requirements for the quality control of human somatic cell therapy and tissue-engineered medicinal products that contain differentiated cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). This lack of uniform requirements underscores the need for approaches to developing quality control programmes and establishing critical quality attributes for iPSC-derived medicinal products within the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) regulatory framework.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. This study aimed to systematise global regulatory experience and EAEU regulatory requirements for the development and justification of quality control programmes for iPSC-derived medicinal products.</p></sec><sec><title>DISCUSSION</title><p>DISCUSSION. Medicinal products derived from iPSCs are mainly used in the treatment of neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and oncological diseases, diabetes, graft-versus-host disease, and eye diseases. Over the past decade, specific recommendations and requirements for the quality of clinical-grade iPSCs have been published by the Chinese Society for Stem Cell Research (CSSCR), the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare (MHLW), the Global Alliance for iPSC Therapy (GAiT), and the European Bank of iPSC (EBiSC). The EAEU regulatory requirements for the quality of genetically modified cells have been in effect since 2025 (Chapter 32 of Decision No. 89 of the Council of the Eurasian Economic Commission “On Approval of the Rules for Assessment of Biological Medicines in the EAEU” of November 3, 2016). The list of critical quality attributes for clinical-grade iPSCs proposed by the GAiT generally corresponds to the EAEU regulatory framework and can be used in drawing up quality control programmes for iPSC-derived medicinal products in the Russian Federation and the EAEU. Quality control programmes for finished somatic cell therapy or tissue-engineered medicinal products derived from iPSCs should be based on the principle of quality attribute traceability from the starting material onwards. The production of iPSCs is a full-fledged production process that must comply with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) requirements for genetically modified cells. Specific quality controls for iPSCs should include tests for residual reprogramming vector DNA, markers of the undifferentiated state, and pluripotency as part of purity characterisation, identification, and potency evaluation, respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. A quality control programme for a finished iPSC-derived medicinal product should correspond to the type of differentiated cells and take into account the indications for use. Critical quality considerations for iPSC characterisation include demonstrating the absence of contaminating undifferentiated cells or cells with new immunogenic epitopes and confirming the identity and genetic stability of iPSCs. The considered quality assessment approaches provide a basis for developing both quality control strategies for iPSC-derived medicinal products and specifications for marketing authorisation according to the EAEU requirements.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>индуцированные плюрипотентные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>клеточная терапия</kwd><kwd>соматотерапевтический лекарственный препарат</kwd><kwd>тканеинженерный лекарственный препарат</kwd><kwd>перепрограммирование клеток</kwd><kwd>банк клеток</kwd><kwd>контроль качества</kwd><kwd>показатели качества</kwd><kwd>регуляторные органы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>induced pluripotent stem cells</kwd><kwd>cell therapy</kwd><kwd>somatic cell therapy medicinal product</kwd><kwd>tissue-engineered medicinal product</kwd><kwd>cell reprogramming</kwd><kwd>cell bank</kwd><kwd>quality control</kwd><kwd>quality attributes</kwd><kwd>regulatory authorities</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФГБУ «НЦЭСМП» Минздрава России № 056-00001-25-00 на проведение прикладных научных исследований (номер государственного учета НИР 124022200093-9).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was conducted by the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products as part of the applied research funded under State Assignment No. 056-00001-25-00 (R&amp;D Registry No. 124022200093-9).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sullivan S, Stacey GN, Akazawa Ch, Aoyama N, Baptista R, Bedford P, et al. 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