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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biopreparat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-996X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1156</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2221-996X-2024-24-4-377-388</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biopreparat-609</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕМА НОМЕРА: ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИММУНОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРЕПАРАТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISSUE TOPIC: INNOVATIVE IMMUNOBIOLOGICALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности проведения доклинических и клинических исследований вакцин для профилактики ротавирусной инфекции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Preclinical and clinical development of preventive rotavirus vaccines: special considerations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3241-1053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коровкин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korovkin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коровкин Алексей Сергеевич, канд. мед. наук</p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey S. Korovkin, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">korovkinas@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горенков</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorenkov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горенков Дмитрий Витальевич </p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Gorenkov</p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gorenkov@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6624-2692</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдатов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солдатов Александр Алексеевич, д-р мед. наук</p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr A. Soldatov, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">soldatov@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4891-973X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меркулов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merkulov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Меркулов Вадим Анатольевич, д-р мед. наук, проф.</p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim A. Merkulov</p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">merkulov@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>377</fpage><lpage>388</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Коровкин А.С., Горенков Д.В., Солдатов А.А., Меркулов В.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коровкин А.С., Горенков Д.В., Солдатов А.А., Меркулов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korovkin A.S., Gorenkov D.V., Soldatov A.A., Merkulov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/609">https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/609</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Вакцинация признана единственным действенным методом борьбы с ротавирусной инфекцией, которая остается одной из главных причин смертности детей раннего возраста преимущественно в развивающихся странах. В настоящее время в мире существуют доступные ротавирусные вакцины для оральной иммунизации младенцев и продолжаются разработки инновационных типов ротавирусных вакцин, в том числе и российскими учеными. В то же время отсутствуют нормативные правовые акты и рекомендации, позволяющие составить разработчикам оптимальную программу доклинических (ДКИ) и клинических исследований (КИ) ротавирусных вакцин.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Изучение и обобщение мирового опыта планирования и проведения доклинических и клинических исследований вакцин против ротавирусной инфекции, который может быть рекомендован отечественным разработчикам.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. Проанализированы доступные данные (в том числе за последние 5 лет) о существующих в мире ротавирусных вакцинах, результаты КИ которых подтвердили их эффективность в предотвращении развития тяжелых ротавирусных гастроэнтеритов и снижении числа госпитализаций по причине острых кишечных инфекций. Эффективность ротавирусных вакцин варьирует в разных регионах мира и может снижаться в развивающихся странах в силу ряда причин. Профиль безопасности оральных ротавирусных вакцин в целом считается благоприятным, однако по-прежнему существуют опасения развития инвагинаций тонкого кишечника у младенцев на фоне вакцинации. Для решения подобных проблем ведется разработка новых типов ротавирусных вакцин, преимущественно инактивированных (субъединичных или рекомбинантных), в том числе и в России. Для планирования и проведения ДКИ могут быть рекомендованы общие подходы с оценкой острой и хронической токсичности, иммуногенности, вируснейтрализующей активности поствакцинальных антител и фармакологической безопасности. При проведении КИ следует предусмотреть оценку профилактической эффективности в целевой группе детей раннего возраста по предотвращению развития ротавирусных гастроэнтеритов различной степени тяжести, числа госпитализаций и общей заболеваемости острыми кишечными инфекциями любой этиологии. Важно подтвердить безопасность и отсутствие взаимного влияния на иммуногенность при одновременном введении ротавирусной вакцины с другими вакцинами национального календаря профилактических прививок.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Для проведения ДКИ ротавирусных вакцин могут применяться стандартные и общепринятые подходы, однако планирование и проведение КИ имеет свои особенности, связанные как со спецификой ротавирусной инфекции, так и с особенностями национального календаря профилактических прививок для детей раннего возраста.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Vaccination is recognised as the only effective method for preventing rotavirus disease. Rotavirus remains a leading cause of death in young children, mainly, in developing countries. Currently, oral rotavirus vaccines for infant immunisation are available worldwide, and novel types of rotavirus vaccines are also under development, in particular, in the Russian Federation. However, there are no regulations or guidelines helping developers to design an optimal preclinical and clinical programme for rotavirus vaccines.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. This study aimed to analyse and summarise global experience in planning and conducting preclinical and clinical studies of rotavirus vaccines in order to provide recommendations for national vaccine developers.</p></sec><sec><title>DISCUSSION</title><p>DISCUSSION. This study presents an analysis of the available data (and, specifically, the data obtained for the past five years) on all rotavirus vaccines used in the world that have been clinically proven to be effective in preventing severe rotavirus gastroenteritis and reducing the number of hospital admissions due to acute intestinal infections. The effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines varies in different regions of the world and may be lower in developing countries for various reasons. The safety profile of oral rotavirus vaccines is generally considered favourable. Nevertheless, there are still some concerns regarding intestinal intussusception in infants following vaccination. To address the abovementioned problems, researchers, including those in Russia, are developing novel types of rotavirus vaccines, predominantly focusing on inactivated (subunit or recombinant) preparations. For planning and conducting preclinical studies of a rotavirus vaccine, it is advisable to adopt general approaches that involve assessing the acute and chronic toxicity, immunogenicity, and safety pharmacology of the rotavirus vaccine and the virus-neutralising activity of vaccination-induced antibodies. Clinical trials of a rotavirus vaccine should assess its effectiveness in preventing rotavirus gastroenteritis of any severity, hospitalisation, and acute viral intestinal infections of any aetiology in the target age group of young children. Furthermore, it is important to confirm the safety of the rotavirus vaccine and demonstrate the absence of mutual interference with the immunogenicity of the rotavirus vaccine and other vaccines co-administered in the vaccination schedule.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. Preclinical studies of rotavirus vaccines may use standard and generally accept­ed approaches. However, planning and conducting clinical trials requires specific considerations associated with both the nature of rotavirus infection and the national infant vaccination schedule.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вакцины</kwd><kwd>ротавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>ротавирус</kwd><kwd>доклинические разработки</kwd><kwd>клинические исследования</kwd><kwd>национальный календарь профилактических прививок</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vaccines</kwd><kwd>rotavirus infection</kwd><kwd>rotavirus</kwd><kwd>preclinical development</kwd><kwd>clinical trials</kwd><kwd>national vaccination schedule</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФГБУ «НЦЭСМП» Минздрава России № 056-00026-24-01 на проведение прикладных научных исследований (номер государственного учета НИР 124022200103-5)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was conducted by the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products as part of the applied research funded under State Assignment No. 056-00026-24-01 (R&amp;D Registry No. 124022200103-5)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Du Y, Chen C, Zhang X, Yan D, Jiang D, Liu X, et al. 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