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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biopreparat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-996X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1156</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2221-996X-2024-557</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biopreparat-557</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛЕТОЧНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CELL THERAPY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лекарственные препараты клеточной терапии: современное состояние исследований</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cell-based medicinal products: a review of current research</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2305-4936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галицына</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galitsyna</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галицына Елена Валерьевна, канд. биол. наук</p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 11, Москва, 127254</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Galitsyna, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>11 Dobrolyubov St., Moscow 127254</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galitsynaev@mednet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куликова Екатерина Александровна</p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 11, Москва, 127254</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Kulikova</p><p>11 Dobrolyubov St., Moscow 127254</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterina.a.kulikova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2364-1137</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павельев</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavelyev</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павельев Юрий Александрович</p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 11, Москва, 127254</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuriy A. Pavelyev</p><p>11 Dobrolyubov St., Moscow 127254</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavelevja@mednet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6319-6360</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецова Ольга Сергеевна, кандидат биол. наук</p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 11, Москва, 127254</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Kuznetsova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>11 Dobrolyubov St., Moscow 127254</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgapharm@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3524-4331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сенина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Senina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сенина Анна Сергеевна, канд. фарм. наук</p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 11, Москва, 127254</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna S. Senina, Cand. Sci. (Pharm.)</p><p>11 Dobrolyubov St., Moscow 127254</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">seninaas@mednet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9063-0601</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусев</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гусев Александр Борисович, канд. экон. наук</p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 11, Москва, 127254</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander B. Gusev, Cand. Sci. (Econ.)</p><p>11 Dobrolyubov St., Moscow 127254</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gusevab@mednet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт организации и информатизации здравоохранения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>428</fpage><lpage>442</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Галицына Е.В., Куликова Е.А., Павельев Ю.А., Кузнецова О.С., Сенина А.С., Гусев А.Б., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Галицына Е.В., Куликова Е.А., Павельев Ю.А., Кузнецова О.С., Сенина А.С., Гусев А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Galitsyna E.V., Kulikova E.A., Pavelyev Y.A., Kuznetsova O.S., Senina A.S., Gusev A.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/557">https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/557</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Препараты клеточной терапии и тканевой инженерии ориентированы на пациентов с тяжелыми заболеваниями (генетические, нейродегенеративные, онкологические заболевания, травмы опорно-двигательного аппарата, ожоги и др.), при которых существует немного альтернативных вариантов лечения. Анализ данных о клинической эффективности препаратов этой группы важен для понимания перспектив развития данной области как одного из направлений персонализированной медицины.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Обзор основных направлений клеточной терапии, анализ данных об одобренных лекарственных препаратах клеточной терапии и тканевой инженерии, оценка проблем и перспектив их использования.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. Проведен анализ данных о составе препаратов клеточной терапии и тканевой инженерии, показаниях к применению, результатах клинических исследований. Клеточные продукты изготавливают на основе аутологичных или аллогенных мезенхимальных и лимбальных стволовых клеток, эпителиальных клеток, хондроцитов, нативных или генетически модифицированных гемопоэтических стволовых клеток, генетически модифицированных лимфоцитов (CAR-T, CAR-NK) и др. Препараты на основе клеточных технологий получили одобрение во многих странах: США (около 30), странах Европейского союза (около 20), Японии (18), Южной Корее (15) и др. В Российской Федерации зарегистрировано два препарата на основе клеток — один на основе CAR-T-лимфоцитов (генотерапевтический препарат), другой на основе хондроцитов (биомедицинский клеточный продукт) — при этом последний является российской разработкой. Основными преимуществами препаратов клеточной терапии по сравнению со стандартными методами лечения являются их более высокая эффективность и меньшее количество вызываемых побочных эффектов. К проблемным аспектам клеточной терапии можно отнести риск формирования иммунных реакций, а также вероятность мутагенеза при использовании лентивирусных векторов или технологии CRISPR/Cas9; ограниченная эффективность CAR-T и CAR-NK клеток под иммуносупрессивным влиянием опухолевого микроокружения.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Подходы к лечению с использованием препаратов клеточной терапии и тканевой инженерии позволяют эффективно восполнить дефекты различных тканей организма, избежать высокоинвазивных хирургических вмешательств и значительно сократить сроки регенерации по сравнению со стандартными методами терапии. Создание аналогичных доступных российских препаратов является перспективной задачей для системы здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Cell therapies and tissue-engineered products are aimed at patients with severe conditions (genetic and neurodegenerative disorders, cancers, musculoskeletal injuries, burns, etc.) that lack alternative treatment options. Analysis of clinical efficacy data on cell-based medicinal products is important for understanding their translational potential in personalised medicine.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. This study aimed to review key trends in cell therapy, analyse data on approved cell therapies and tissue-engineered products, and assess challenges and prospects for their use.</p></sec><sec><title>DISCUSSION</title><p>DISCUSSION. This article analyses data on the composition of cell therapies and tissue-engi­neered products, indications for their use, and the results of clinical studies. Cell-based medicinal products are derived from autologous or allogeneic mesenchymal and limbal stem cells, epithelial cells, chondrocytes, native or genetically engineered haematopoietic stem cells, geneti­cally engineered lymphocytes (CAR-T, CAR-NK), etc. Medicinal products based on cell technologies have been approved in many countries, including the USA (approximately 30), the European Union (approximately 20), Japan (18), South Korea (15), etc. As of today, two cell therapies have been granted marketing authorisation in the Russian Federation. The first is based on CAR-T cells (a gene therapy product), and the other is based on chondrocytes (a cell-based medicinal product); the latter has been developed in Russia. The main advantages of cell therapy products include higher efficacy and fewer adverse drug reactions in comparison with standard treatment modalities. The main challenges of cell therapy include the risks of immune reactions and mutagenesis associated with lentiviral vectors or CRISPR/Cas9 technology, as well as limited efficacy of CAR-T and CAR-NK cells due to immunosuppressive properties of tumour microenvironment.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. In comparison with conventional treatment approaches, the use of cell therapies and tissue-engineered products can help effectively eliminate defects in various body tissues, avoid highly invasive surgical interventions, and reduce regeneration time. Thus, ensuring development of similar but at the same time more affordable Russian medicinal products can bring great benefits for the healthcare system of the Russian Federation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>клеточная терапия</kwd><kwd>препараты клеточной терапии</kwd><kwd>препараты тканевой инженерии</kwd><kwd>генотерапевтические лекарственные препараты</kwd><kwd>высокотехнологичные лекарственные препараты</kwd><kwd>мезенхимальные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>лимбальные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>гемопоэтические стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>CAR-T терапия</kwd><kwd>CAR-NK терапия</kwd><kwd>клинические исследования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cell therapy</kwd><kwd>cell-based medicinal products</kwd><kwd>tissue-engineered products</kwd><kwd>gene therapy</kwd><kwd>advanced therapy medicinal products</kwd><kwd>ATMP</kwd><kwd>mesenchymal stem cells</kwd><kwd>limbal stem cells</kwd><kwd>haematopoietic stem cells</kwd><kwd>CAR-T cell therapy</kwd><kwd>CAR-NK cell therapy</kwd><kwd>clinical trials</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при финансовой поддержке Минздрава России, направленной на обеспечение деятельности координационного центра исследований и разработок в области медицинской науки ФГБУ «ЦНИИОИЗ» Минздрава России в рамках реализации федерального проекта «Медицинская наука для человека»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was funded by the Ministry of Health of Russia to support the activities of the Coordinating Centre for Research and Development in Medical Science of the Russian Research Institute of Health in coordinating the implementation of the federal project Medical Science for People</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">El-Kadiry AE, Rafei M, Shammaa R. 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