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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biopreparat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-996X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1156</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2221-996X-2023-23-4-544-559</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biopreparat-519</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность применения индуктора интерферонов против вируса Чикунгунья in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficacy of interferon inducers against Chikungunya virus in vitro</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-4072</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Отрашевская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Otrashevskaja</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Отрашевская Елена Викторовна</p><p>Малый Казенный пер., д. 5а, Москва, 105064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Otrashevskaja</p><p>5A, Maly Kazenny Ln., Moscow 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.v.otrashevskaja@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-1853</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каа</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaa</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каа Константин Владимирович</p><p>поселение Московский, поселок Института полиомиелита, вл. 8, к. 1, Москва, 108819</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin V. Kaa</p><p>8/1 Village of the Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moskovsky settlement, Moscow 108819</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaa_23@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3264-6722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самарцева</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samartseva</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самарцева Татьяна Геннадьевна</p><p>Малый Казенный пер., д. 5а, Москва, 105064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana G. Samartseva</p><p>5A, Maly Kazenny Ln., Moscow 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">samartseva08020@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-7347</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оксанич</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oksanich</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксанич Алексей Сергеевич, канд. биол. наук</p><p>Малый Казенный пер., д. 5а, Москва, 105064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey S. Oksanich, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>5A, Maly Kazenny Ln., Moscow 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oksanich@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9731-3681</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатьев</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatyev</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игнатьев Георгий Михайлович, д-р мед. наук, проф.</p><p>Малый Казенный пер., д. 5а, Москва, 105064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>George M. Ignatyev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p><p>5A, Maly Kazenny Ln., Moscow 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marburgman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток им. И.И. Мечникова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное научное учреждение «Федеральный научный центр исследований и разработки иммунобиологических препаратов им. М.П. Чумакова РАН» (Институт полиомиелита)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>544</fpage><lpage>559</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Отрашевская Е.В., Каа К.В., Самарцева Т.Г., Оксанич А.С., Игнатьев Г.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Отрашевская Е.В., Каа К.В., Самарцева Т.Г., Оксанич А.С., Игнатьев Г.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Otrashevskaja E.V., Kaa K.V., Samartseva T.G., Oksanich A.S., Ignatyev G.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/519">https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/519</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Препараты для специфического лечения и профилактики лихорадки Чикунгунья, ее осложнений и последствий в настоящее время отсутствуют, в связи с этим особую актуальность приобретают вопросы разработки терапевтических и профилактических препаратов против вируса Чикунгунья (ЧИКВ), в том числе препаратов индукторов интерферонов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение эффективности профилактического применения препарата индуктора интерферонов против вируса Чикунгунья в модели in vitro.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Использовали штамм ЧИКВ Nika2021, две линии клеток — Vero и А549, а также препарат индуктора интерферонов (РНК двуспиральной натриевая соль) в двух дозировках (250 и 500 мкг/мл) и двух режимах применения (за 4 ч до заражения и одновременно с ним). Определяли титр вируса по его цитопатическому действию; содержание РНК ЧИКВ — методом ОТ-ПЦР-РВ и оценивали по показателю порогового числа циклов ПЦР; концентрацию продуцируемых клетками цитокинов — методом ИФА. В динамике анализировали активность ЧИКВ и содержание РНК ЧИКВ, а также продукцию цитокинов клетками (ИФН-α, -γ, ИЛ-6 и ФНО-α). Полученные данные обрабатывали при помощи пакетов программ Microsoft Office Excel 2016 и StatTech.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Препарат в дозах 250 и 500 мкг/мл стимулировал продукцию в большей степени ИФН-α и в меньшей степени ИФН-γ; в большей степени — в линии клеток А549, в меньшей — в линии клеток Vero. Динамика содержания РНК ЧИКВ соответствовала динамике его титра в клетке. В целом содержание РНК ЧИКВ в линии клеток Vero было значительно выше, чем в линии клеток А549 (р&lt;0,002 при дозировке препарата 250 мкг/мл, р&lt;0,0005 при дозировке 500 мкг/мл). Препарат применяли в двух режимах: профилактическом — за 4 ч до заражения клеток вирусом; экстренно профилактическом — одновременно с инфицированием. Содержание РНК ЧИКВ в режиме профилактического применения препарата относительно контрольного опыта (инфицирование без препарата) было значительно ниже в обеих дозах в обеих линиях клеток (р&lt;0,002 для Vero, р&lt;0,0003 для А549), в режиме экстренной профилактики — р&lt;0,05 и р&lt;0,003 соответственно. Выявлена и статистически подтверждена эффективность применения препарата индуктора интерферонов против ЧИКВ, показано преимущество линии клеток А549 для изучения противовирусной активности in vitro. В обеих линиях интактных клеток отмечена продукция ИЛ-6 и ФНО-α.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Обнаружен положительный противовирусный эффект от применения препарата индуктора интерферонов против ЧИКВ in vitro, при этом степень эффективности зависела от линии клеток. Показана необходимость тщательного отбора клеточной линии в зависимости от целей исследования, а также изучения продукции цитокинов клетками в монослое до стимуляции вирусами и (или) препаратами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Scientific relevance</title><p>Scientific relevance. To date, no specific antivirals have been approved to treat and prevent Chikungunya fever, its complications, and sequelae. Therefore, the development of therapeutic and preventive medicinal products against Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), including interferon inducers, is gaining relevance.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The authors aimed to study the effectiveness of prophylactic administration of an interferon inducer against CHIKV in an in vitro model.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study used two cell lines (Vero and А549), a CHIKV strain (Nika2021), and an interferon-inducing medicinal product (double-stranded RNA sodium salt) at two doses (250 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL) administered at two schedules: Prevention (4 h prior to the virus challenge) and Emergency Prevention (at the time of the virus challenge). The authors determined the CHIKV titre by its cytopathogenic effect, the CHIKV RNA content by the cycle threshold value in real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and the concentration of cytokines using the enzyme immunoassay method. The study monitored the changes in CHIKV biological activity, CHIKV RNA levels, and the production of interferon-alpha (IFN-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in cells over time. The statistical analysis of the resulting data used Microsoft Office Excel 2016 and StatTech.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The medicinal product at doses of 250 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL stimulated the production of both IFN-α and IFN-γ (IFN-α to a greater extent than IFN-γ) in both cell lines (in A549 to a greater extent than in Vero). The changes in CHIKV RNA levels with time corresponded to those of the virus titre. In general, CHIKV RNA levels in Vero cells were significantly higher than those in A549 cells (р&lt;0.002 at 250 μg/mL and р&lt;0.0005 at 500 μg/mL). The CHIKV RNA content after preventive interferon inducer administration was significantly lower than that in the control experiment (challenge without administration of the medicinal product) for both doses and both cell lines (р&lt;0.002 for Vero cells; р&lt;0.0003 for А549 cells). The CHIKV RNA content after interferon inducer administration as emergency prevention was significantly lower than that in the control experiment (р&lt;0.05 for Vero cells; р&lt;0.003 for А549 cells). The study demonstrated the efficacy of the interferon inducer against CHIKV and a higher applicability of the A549 cell line to studying antiviral activity in vitro. The authors observed the production of IL-6 and TNF-α by intact cells of both lines.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. According to the results, the studied interferon inducer has a positive antiviral effect against CHIKV in vitro, with the antiviral effect degree depending on the cell line used. This experimental study demonstrated the need to carefully select the cell line for a study in accordance with its objectives and to evaluate the production of cytokines by a monolayer of cells before stimulation with viruses and/or medicinal products.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус Чикунгунья</kwd><kwd>индуктор интерферонов</kwd><kwd>ИФН</kwd><kwd>ИЛ-6</kwd><kwd>ФНО-α</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>Vero</kwd><kwd>A549</kwd><kwd>РНК двуспиральной натриевая соль</kwd><kwd>профилактические препараты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Chikungunya virus</kwd><kwd>interferon inducer</kwd><kwd>IFN-α</kwd><kwd>IFN-γ</kwd><kwd>IL-6</kwd><kwd>TNF-α</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>Vero</kwd><kwd>A549</kwd><kwd>double-stranded RNA sodium salt</kwd><kwd>preventive medicines</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке гранта РНФ № 22-14-00184 «Разработка диагностических, профилактических и терапевтических стратегий в отношении инфекции, вызванной вирусом Чикунгунья».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation under grant No. 22-14-00184 Development of diagnosis, prevention, and treatment approaches to Chikungunya infection.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuhn RJ. 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