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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biopreparat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-996X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1156</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2221-996X-2023-23-3-290-299</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biopreparat-453</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Противовирусная активность лекарственного препарата на основе РНК двуспиральной натриевой соли в отношении SARS-CoV-2 in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>In vitro antiviral activity of a double-stranded RNA sodium salt-based medicinal product against SARS-CoV-2</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9731-3681</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатьев</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatyev</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игнатьев Георгий Михайлович, д-р мед. наук, проф.</p><p>Малый Казенный переулок, д. 5А, Москва, 105064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Georgy M. Ignatyev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p><p>5A Maly Kazenny Ln., Moscow 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marburgman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1314-0152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шустова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shustova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шустова Елена Юрьевна</p><p>поселение Московский, поселок Института полиомиелита, вл. 8, к. 1, Москва, 108819</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Yu. Shustova</p><p>8/1 Village of the Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moskovsky settlement, Moscow 108819</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">riw.sun@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3325-2605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогожина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogozhina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рогожина Екатерина Алексеевна</p><p>просп. Вернадского, д. 78, Москва, 119454</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Rogozhina</p><p>78 Vernadsky Ave, Moscow 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.kate.rogozhina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5998-4874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белый</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyi</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белый Петр Александрович, канд. мед. наук</p><p> ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1, Москва, 127473</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Peter A. Belyi, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>20/1 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pbely@ncpharm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-9412</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заславская</surname><given-names>К. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaslavskaya</surname><given-names>K. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заславская Кира Яковлевна</p><p>ул. Большевистская, д. 68, г. Саранск, 430005, Республика Мордовия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kira Ya. Zaslavskaya</p><p>68 Bolshevistskaya St., Saransk 430005, Republic of Mordovia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kiryonok@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4891-973X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меркулов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merkulov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Меркулов Вадим Анатольевич, д-р мед. наук, проф.</p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim A. Merkulov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">merkulov@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток им. И.И. Мечникова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное научное учреждение «Федеральный научный центр исследований и разработки иммунобиологических препаратов им. М.П. Чумакова РАН» (Институт полиомиелита)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Poliomyelitis)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «МИРЭА – Российский технологический университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MIREA—Russian Technological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А. И. Евдокимова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский Мордовский государственный университет им. Н. П. Огарева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>290</fpage><lpage>299</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Игнатьев Г.М., Шустова Е.Ю., Рогожина Е.А., Белый П.А., Заславская К.Я., Меркулов В.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Игнатьев Г.М., Шустова Е.Ю., Рогожина Е.А., Белый П.А., Заславская К.Я., Меркулов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ignatyev G.M., Shustova E.Y., Rogozhina E.A., Belyi P.A., Zaslavskaya K.Y., Merkulov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/453">https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/453</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Активация механизмов врожденного иммунитета на ранних фазах развития инфекции COVID-19 и, как следствие, последующая индукция продукции интерферонов может способствовать контролю репликации вируса и защите еще неинфицированных SARS-CoV-2 клеток. В связи с этим в качестве средств постконтактной профилактики и лечения COVID-19 на ранних этапах представляется перспективным применение иммуностимулирующих препаратов, вызывающих индукцию интерферонов, в том числе препаратов на основе двуспиральной РНК.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка противовирусной активности лекарственного препарата на основе РНК двуспиральной натриевой соли в отношении вируса SARS-CoV-2 in vitro.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Препарат на основе РНК двуспиральной натриевой соли (РАДАМИН®ВИРО). Эксперименты выполняли на культуре клеток Vero. В исследовании использовали вариант дельта вируса SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.617). Проводили оценку цитопатического действия вируса. Титр вируса рассчитывали как показатель тканевой цитопатической дозы, вызывающей гибель 50% клеток. Содержание интерферонов α и γ в культуральной жидкости определяли с помощью метода иммуноферментного анализа, вирусную нагрузку – методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени (по показателю Ct) и титр вируса – титрованием на культуре клеток Vero.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Внесение препарата на основе РНК двуспиральной натриевой соли в концентрациях 250 мкг/мл и 500 мкг/мл к клеткам линии Vero приводит к индукции секреции интерферонов α и γ, что повышает резистентность клеток к заражению вирусом SARS-CoV-2. Противовирусная активность исследуемого препарата, оцениваемая по значениям показателей титра вируса, вирусной нагрузки и уровня поражения клеточного монослоя, отмечается через 24 ч после его воздействия, что показывает способность препарата задерживать размножение вируса SARS-CoV-2 in vitro уже в течение первых суток после заражения.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Препарат на основе РНК двуспиральной натриевой соли индуцирует синтез интерферонов α и γ клетками линии Vero, повышая устойчивость клеток к заражению SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, что свидетельствует о иммуномодулирующем и противовирусном потенциале исследованного препарата.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Scientific relevance</title><p>Scientific relevance. Innate immune activation in the early phases of COVID-19 infection and subsequent interferon induction may help control viral replication and protect cells not yet infected with SARS-CoV-2. Thus, immunostimulants that induce interferon (IFN), including double-stranded RNA-based agents, are a promising means of post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 at early stages.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The study evaluated the in vitro antiviral activity of a double-stranded RNA sodium salt-based medicinal product against SARS-CoV-2.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The authors analysed the double-stranded RNA sodium salt-based medicinal product RADAMIN®VIRO using Vero cells and the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.617). The virus titre was calculated as the tissue cytopathic dose that caused 50% cell death. The authors measured the content of IFN-α and IFN-γ in the culture fluid by enzyme immunoassay and assessed the viral load by real-time polymerase chain reaction (using the cycle threshold value) and by titration (using Vero cells).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The studied double-stranded RNA sodium salt-based medicinal product at a concentration of 250 or 500 μg/mL induced IFN-α and IFN-γ expression by Vero cells, thus increasing their resistance to SARS-CoV-2. The authors evaluated the antiviral activity of the medicinal product based on the virus titre, viral load, and cell monolayer damage. The antiviral activity became clear 24 h after treatment, which confirmed the ability of the medicinal product to inhibit the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in vitro as early as the first day after infection.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The double-stranded RNA sodium salt-based medicinal product induced IFN-α and IFN-γ synthesis in Vero cells, increasing their resistance to SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. These results demonstrate the immunomodulatory and antiviral potential of the medicinal product.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>РНК двуспиральной натриевая соль</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>противовирусная активность</kwd><kwd>интерферон α</kwd><kwd>интерферон γ</kwd><kwd>врожденный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>in vitro</kwd><kwd>клеточная линия Vero</kwd><kwd>РАДАМИН®ВИРО</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>double-stranded RNA sodium salt</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>antiviral activity</kwd><kwd>interferon-α</kwd><kwd>interferon-γ</kwd><kwd>innate immunity</kwd><kwd>in vitro</kwd><kwd>Vero cells</kwd><kwd>RADAMIN®VIRO</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed without external funding</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. 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