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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biopreparat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-996X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1156</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biopreparat-4</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лекарственные препараты моноклональных антител нового поколения (проблемы и перспективы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Preparations of next generation monoclonal antibodies (issues and prospects)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеева</surname><given-names>Ж. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeeva</surname><given-names>Zh. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">Avdeeva@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солдатов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soldatov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алпатова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alpatova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медуницын</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medunitsyn</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарев</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondarev</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миронов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mironov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меркулов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merkulov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сакаева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakaeva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution «Scientific Centre on Expert Evaluation of Medical Application Products» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Авдеева Ж.И., Солдатов А.А., Алпатова Н.А., Медуницын Н.В., Бондарев В.П., Миронов А.Н., Меркулов В.А., Сакаева И.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Авдеева Ж.И., Солдатов А.А., Алпатова Н.А., Медуницын Н.В., Бондарев В.П., Миронов А.Н., Меркулов В.А., Сакаева И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avdeeva Z.I., Soldatov A.A., Alpatova N.A., Medunitsyn N.V., Bondarev V.P., Mironov A.N., Merkulov V.A., Sakaeva I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/4">https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/4</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье приведены сведения, касающиеся проблем клинического применения лекарственных препаратов моноклональных антител (МкАТ), и перспективы разработки препаратов на основе модифицированных МкАТ. Препараты МкАТ на основе рекомбинантных белков характеризуются постоянством физико-химических свойств и высокой специфичностью. Новый класс лекарственных препаратов на основе МкАТ, обладающих большим потенциалом направленного терапевтического воздействия на патогенетически значимые механизмы развития заболеваний, нашел успешное применение при тяжелых хронически протекающих заболеваниях - онкологических, аутоимунных, инфекционных, аллергических, а также в трансплантологии для лечения и профилактики отторжения трансплантанта. Разработка и создание препаратов МкАТ на основе цельной молекулы иммуноглобулина, а также препаратов модифицированных антител, обладающих определенным набором функций, связанных с отдельными структурными элементами молекулы, стало возможным благодаря использованию технологий генной инженерии и трансгенных животных. Лекарственные препараты на основе модифицированных МкАТ могут быть представлены в разных формах, таких как FV-, Fab-, Р(ab)2-фрагменты, а также в виде бифункциональных гибридных антител или единичных цепей иммуноглобулина (одноцепочечные антитела - scFv). При аутоиммунной патологии успешно применяются препараты на основе МкАТ, ингибирующие активность важнейших провоспалительных цитокинов - ФНО-α, ИЛ-1, ИЛ-6, а также гиперактивацию Т- и В-лимфоцитов. Для лечения онкологических больных используются МкАТ, блокирующие рецепторы факторов роста клеток, МкАТ, направленные к клеточным рецепторам, экспрессированным на опухолевых клетках, а также МкАТ, конъюгированные с изотопами. Ведутся исследования по разработке других конъюгированных препаратов МкАТ. Одной из существенных проблем, связанных с клиническим использованием МкАТ, является проявление их нежелательной иммуногенности, что может быть причиной развития побочных эффектов, иногда требующих клинического вмешательства - инфузионные реакции; анафилаксия; реакции, обусловленные формированием иммунных комплексов; снижение или сведение до минимума клинической эффективности применения МкАТ. Проявления иммуногенности связаны со свойствами препарата, особенностями заболевания, состоянием пациента и сопутствующей терапией. Биотехнологические компании работают над созданием технологий получения препаратов нового поколения, объединяющих в себе преимущества МкАТ и низкомолекулярных препаратов. Такие препараты должны будут характеризоваться высокой специфической активностью, минимальной иммуногенностью и низкой токсичностью.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article provides the information on issues related to the clinical use of preparations of monoclonal antibodies (MAb), and the prospects for developing preparations based on modified MAbs. MAb preparations based on recombinant proteins show the consistency of physical and chemical properties as well as high specificity. New class of preparations based on MAbs show great potential of targeted therapeutic influence on important pathogenetic mechanisms of disease development. It has proved to be successful against severe chronic diseases such as autoimmune cancer, infectious and allergic diseases, as well as in transplantation for the treatment and prevention of transplant rejection. The development and manufacture of MAb preparations based on a whole immunoglobulin molecule, as well as preparations of modified antibodies with a specific set of functions associated with individual structural elements of the molecule is now possible due to genetic engineering and transgenic animals technologies. Preparations based on modified MAb can exist in</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лекарственные препараты</kwd><kwd>моноклональные антитела</kwd><kwd>препараты модифицированных моноклональных антител</kwd><kwd>иммуноглобулин класса G</kwd><kwd>нежелательная иммуногенность</kwd><kwd>конъюгированные моноклональные антитела</kwd><kwd>технология генной инженерии</kwd><kwd>биотехнологические препараты</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kohler G., Milstein C. 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