biopreparatБИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечениеBiological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment2221-996X2619-1156Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Productsbiopreparat-19Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSМенингококковая инфекция. Полисахаридные менингококковые вакцины. Исторические аспекты и современное состояние разработок. Сообщение 2Meningococcal disease. Polysaccharide meningococcal vaccines. The historical aspects and the current state of vaccine development. Report 2АбрамцеваМарина Витальевна.AbramtsevaM. V.Abramtceva@expmed.ruТарасовАндрей ПавловичTarasovA. P.noemail@neicon.ruНемировскаяТатьяна ИвановнаNemirovskayaT. I.noemail@neicon.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииRussian Federation201520022018032533Copyright © Абрамцева М.В., Тарасов А.П., Немировская Т.И., 20182018Абрамцева М.В., Тарасов А.П., Немировская Т.И.Abramtseva M.V., Tarasov A.P., Nemirovskaya T.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/19

Дано представление о клинических проявлениях менингококковой инфекции. Обоснована необходимость ее вакцинопрофилактики. Приведены исторические данные об эволюции прививочного материала от корпускулярных инактивированных вакцин до современных химических поливалентных вакцин. Представлены сведения об эффективности применения корпускулярных вакцин и рассмотрены осложнения, возникающие при их использовании. Изложена история применения моно-, ди-, тетравалентных полисахаридных вакцин, обсуждается роль бактерицидных антител в формировании иммунитета против менингококковой инфекции. Представлена информация об опыте использования полисахаридных вакцин в различных странах и разных возрастных группах при проведении рандомизированных испытаний. Проанализированы сведения о влиянии вакцинации на уровень носительства менингококка и заболеваемость менингококковой инфекцией. Рассмотрена позиция ВОЗ в отношении применения полисахаридных менингококковых вакцин в рутинной практике. Представлены перспективы дальнейшего использования полисахаридных вакцин для контроля над распространением менингококковой инфекции.

The present article describes clinical signs of meningococcal disease. It justifies the necessity of its vaccine prevention. The article provides with the historical data on the evolution of inoculants from corpuscular inactivated vaccines to modern chemical polyvalent vaccines. It provides a glimpse of the efficacy of the use of corpuscular vaccines and considers the corresponding implications. The historical overview includes the use of mono-, di-, tetravalent polysaccharide vaccines, and the discussion on the role of bactericidal antibodies in the formation of immunity against meningococcal disease. The article also describes the experience of using polysaccharide vaccines in various countries and in different age groups in randomized clinical trials. It provides with the data analysis about the effect of vaccination on the level of meningococcal carriage and the incidence of meningococcal disease. The WHO’s position on the use of polysaccharide meningococcal vaccines in routine practice are also provided. In the conclusion the article presents the prospects for further use of polysaccharide vaccines to control the spread of meningococcal disease.

менингококковая инфекциягенерализированные формы менингококковой инфекциименингококковый менингиткапсульные полисахаридыменингококковые вакциныреактогенностьиммуногенностьпротективный иммунитетполисахаридные вакциныMeningococcal diseasegeneralized forms of meningococcal diseasemeningococcal meningitiscapsular polysaccharidesmeningococcal vaccinesreactivityimmunogenicityprotective immunitypolysaccharide vaccinesReferencesThe Dumenil Lab [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2015 Jul 09]. Available from: http://guillaumedumenillab.weebly.com/research-pictures.html.The Dumenil Lab [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2015 Jul 09]. Available from: http://guillaumedumenillab.weebly.com/research-pictures.html.Абрамцева М.В., Тарасов А.П., Немировская Т.И. Менингококковая инфекция. Современные представления о возбудителе, эпидемиологии, патогенезе и диагностике. Биопрепараты 2014; (3): 4-10.Абрамцева М.В., Тарасов А.П., Немировская Т.И. Менингококковая инфекция. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.